The frequency of vaccinia keratitis is unknown. From the experience of those who
cared for patients with vaccinia keratitis and from published reports, it is not a common occurrence.
There are two categories of susceptible persons:
1. Those with pre-existing eye disease
2. Those who have normal eyes
In both cases, the transfer of vaccinia virus from the hands to the eyes can result in keratitis. Those with
pre-existing eye disease, particularly inflammatory diseases of the lids, conjunctiva and cornea, are particularly
prone to implantation from contact with contaminated hands. Caretakers who bath or otherwise handle children with
vaccinations are the most likely to experience such transfer.
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